Bad Conduct Discharge is associated with which type of court-martial?

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The practice point here is understanding which court-martial can grant a punitive discharge like a bad conduct discharge. A bad conduct discharge is a punitive discharge issued after a General Court-Martial finds guilt for offenses serious enough to warrant the military’s most severe punishment. The General Court-Martial has broad authority and can impose the full range of punishments allowed under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, including a bad conduct discharge. Non-judicial punishment isn’t a court-martial at all, so it cannot produce a discharge. Summary and Special Court-Martials handle less serious offenses and do not carry the same authority to issue a bad conduct discharge. Hence, the association with a General Court-Martial is the correct one.